Sprinter engine running unevenly

Uneven running and jerking in a Sprinter can be tricky. I had something similar, though I can't say for sure it's the exhaust. Have you checked the fuel injectors or considered engine misfire? A faulty fuel pump could also lead to jerking under acceleration. When was the timing belt or spark plugs last changed?

I have not checked any of those. Is there any chance that it could be related to the fuel injectors, and can the spark plugs or the timing belt cause the error light to appear?

It's certainly possible that fuel injectors are the culprit, especially with the jerking symptom. If they aren't spraying correctly, you'll get an uneven burn. As for the spark plugs, yes, old or damaged ones can cause misfires and trigger the check engine light. The timing belt is less likely to cause a direct error light but can affect engine timing, leading to rough running. Given the symptoms, I would advise you to get it checked by a workshop. For me it was a leak, and it cost 265€ to repair.

Thank you for the advice. I took it to the workshop, and it turned out to be a leak in the exhaust system, as I suspected. The repair cost was 265€.